This report describes the data set from the CALYPSO 2022 Campaign and the processing and quality-control steps that were taken in producing the data set. The CALYPSO Campaign was conducted from both the R/V Pourquoi Pas? from February 17-March 12, 2022 and the R/V Pelagia from February 20-March 16.

This report summarizes activities on the French research vessel Pourquoi Pas? operating as part of the Office of Naval Research CALYPSO project during its main 2022 field program in the northwest Mediterranean. Other components of this field program included the Netherland’s research vessel R.V. Pelagia, a fleet of underwater gliders operated by the Scripps Oceanographic Institute and the Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System (SOCIB).

This cruise aimed to identify transport pathways from the surface into the interior ocean during the late winter in the Alborán sea between the Strait of Gibraltar (5°40’W) and the prime meridian. Theory and previous observations indicated that these pathways likely originated at strong fronts, such as the one that separates salty Mediterranean water and the fresher water inflowing from the Atlantic. Our goal was to map such pathways and quantify their transport. Since the outcropping isopycnals at the front extend to the deepest depths during the late winter, we planned the cruise at the end of the Spring, prior to the onset of thermal stratification of the surface mixed layer.